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The Evolution Site The theory of evolution by natural selection is the unifying force of modern biology. It brings together disciplines like genetics, palaeontology and microbiology. The study of evolution can be controversial and the misinformation that is generated can lead to confusion over the fundamentals of evolution. This site clarifies the most fundamental concepts. What is Evolution? The modern understanding of evolution is based on the gradual and cumulative changes that happen within populations over time. These changes are caused by natural selection, a process that increases the number of organisms that have beneficial traits that help them survive and reproduce in a particular environment. In turn, these organisms produce more offspring than those who do not have the beneficial characteristics. This leads to the genetic changes that can eventually lead to the creation of new species. The term “evolution” is usually associated with “survival-of-the best” which implies that individuals who are better adjusted to certain conditions will have a distinct advantage over those who are less well-adapted. In reality it is only one of the many different ways that evolution can occur. Another common way the word evolution is used to suggest that a species will invariably move from one state of being to the next one. This type of view of evolution is referred to as anagenetic or cladogenesis. The scientific definition of evolution does not support this idea. Instead, the scientific theory of evolution is based on the changes that happen within populations over time, and these changes are caused by genetic mutations and natural selection. Certain scientists, including the great Charles Darwin, advocated this theory of evolution. Others, such as Alfred Russel Wallace, who created the macroevolution theory and believed that this was the only way the higher forms of life could be derived from lower forms. A theory must stand against rigorous tests and evidence in order to be considered a theory. Evolution has stood the test of time and has been supported in countless scientific disciplines from biology to geology, the sciences of astronomy to chemistry. In actual fact evolution is regarded as one of the fundamental tenets of science today, and it is backed by the majority of scientists worldwide. Many people are confused about the nature of evolution theory, especially how it relates to religion. What is the Theory of Evolution (Evolutionary Theory)? Evolution is an explanation in science of how living things change with time. It is based on few known facts: that more offspring are born than can be surviving and that different individuals have their physical characteristics and that they can pass on traits to future generations. These observations are supported by the increasing body of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology functional morphology, climatology, and geology. The theory of evolution based on natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-19th century to provide an explanation for the reason that organisms are adapted to their physical and biological environment. It is the most well-supported and validated theory in science. Its predictions have been proved out by the evidence that, for instance, more complex organisms have fewer genetic mutations than simpler ones. In addition the more efficient an organism is in being able to reproduce and survive and reproducing, the more likely it is to pass its genes to the next generation. Some people are against evolution because they believe it implies that there is no purpose to life. However, a lot of scientists who are also religious such as the renowned Cambridge palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris, believe that evolution isn't just compatible with faith in God but is enhanced by it (BioLogos 2014). Many highly skilled evolutionary biologists have been involved in developing and testing the theory of evolution, including several highly respected evangelical Christian leaders. Many of these researchers contributed to the understanding of a broad range of phenomena, including genomics and phylogenetics, and also the formation and function of fossils. The word “theory” is often used to refer to a speculation or guess however it actually refers to a scientific idea that has been rigorously developed and tested over time. 에볼루션카지노사이트 test hypotheses by repeating the experiments or observations that led them to their conclusions. The theory of evolution has been repeatedly tested out and so have the theories of Copernican, germ theory, and atomic theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is the gradual shift over time in the percentage of genetically distinct individuals within a specific species. This change is a result of natural selection, which favors those who are more adapted to their environment. The more adapted individuals have higher chances of reproduction and survival. As more of these individuals survive and reproduce, their genes become more common within the population. This is often referred to as “survival of the most fittest.” According to the theory of evolution, the mutations that produce genomic variation are the raw material of evolutionary change. These mutations can occur at random, or under the influence of the environment. If mutations are random, the frequency of the resultant alleles could differ from generation to generation. If a mutation is beneficial, it will increase the frequency of alleles and cause the allele to spread throughout the population. As time passes, these changes in allele frequencies can result in the creation of new species. The new species will develop and evolve into new forms. This process is called macroevolution. The development of a new species is often caused by changes in the environment which make certain kinds of resources available or cause new environmental challenges. For instance, the development of finches in the Galapagos Islands is a result of the abundance of food sources and the need to defend themselves from predators. In a wider context, evolution is defined as any change that occurs in the characteristics of living organisms over time. This change can be small like the development of a new coloration or large, such as the creation of a new organ. Scientists who believe in evolution theory generally believe that genetic change is important in the process of generating evolution. They also acknowledge that the process of evolution takes place over a long period of time, typically millions of years. However, they differ on the role of different factors in speeding or slowing the process, including the role of environmental pressures, sexual selection, and mutation bias. Despite these disagreements, most scientists believe that evolution is real and that the evidence in support of this is overwhelming. What is the Evidence of Evolution? Throughout the years since Darwin's time, scientists have gathered evidence that supports Darwin's theory of evolution. This evidence comes from fossils that demonstrate the evolution of organisms over time. Additional evidence can be found in similarities between living organisms, embryology, biogeography, genetics and comparative anatomy. The main proof of evolution is in the evolutionary tree, which shows how different species are related. Homologous structures are another evidence. They share a similar structure but perform different functions in different species, like the wing of a bat or bird. Evolution is also evident in the fact that different species adapt and grow to similar environments. For instance, arctic-foxes and ptarmigans grow seasonal white pelts to blend in with snow and ice. This is a kind of convergent evolutionary, which suggests that the species has common ancestral ancestors. Another evidence point is vestigial structures, which are unused parts of an organism that may serve a purpose in the distant ancestors. For instance the human appendix may be an oblique reminder of an organ that served to digest food. Natural selection causes the structures to shrink when they are no longer used. Scientists have also collected other evidence of evolution through observation and experimentation. The evidence for evolution can be grouped into six distinct categories: changes that can be observed at small scales biogeographic distributions, comparative anatomy, the fossil record and genetics. Each of these categories provides convincing evidence for the evolution of life. Many people have misconceptions about the theory of evolution. However, it is a fact. It is not a speculative theory, but rather a powerful collection that is built on years of observation. Scientists continue to gather and analyze new data to better understand the arc of Earth's evolution regardless of whether or not people believe in the theory of evolution or not. This knowledge will allow scientists to better understand how we can avoid future global catastrophes and how best to make use of the resources available on our planet. This information will also allow us to better serve the needs and desires of all the people living on our planet.